JCT contracts are not a single document, but a family of standard forms designed to suit different types of construction projects, procurement routes and levels of risk.
Choosing the correct JCT contract is critical, as it determines how responsibilities are allocated, how risk is managed and how the project is delivered.
Main Types of JCT Contract
The most commonly used JCT contract forms include:
- Standard Building Contract
- Design and Build Contract
- Intermediate Building Contract
- Minor Works Contract
- Management Contracts
Standard Building Contract
The Standard Building Contract is typically used for larger or more complex projects where the design is substantially complete before construction begins.
- Client retains design responsibility
- Suitable for traditional procurement
- Greater control over quality and specification
Design and Build Contract
Under a Design and Build contract, the contractor is responsible for both design and construction, creating a single point of responsibility.
- Reduced client risk for design coordination
- Often used for faster delivery
- Less direct design control for the client
Intermediate Building Contract
The Intermediate Building Contract sits between Minor Works and Standard Building contracts, suitable for projects of moderate complexity.
- More structure than Minor Works
- Less complex than Standard Building
- Appropriate for mid-scale developments
Minor Works Contract
Minor Works contracts are designed for smaller projects with lower risk and limited complexity.
- Simplified structure
- Suitable for small-scale works
- Lower administrative burden
Management Contracts
Management contracts are used on larger, more complex projects where work is divided into multiple packages managed by a construction manager.
- High level of client involvement
- Flexible and fast-moving procurement
- Greater risk exposure if not managed carefully
How to Choose the Right JCT Contract
Selecting the correct contract depends on several factors:
- Project size and complexity
- Level of design development
- Risk appetite
- Programme requirements
- Experience of the client team
Making the wrong choice can lead to increased costs, delays and disputes, so expert guidance is often required.
Learn More About JCT Contracts
For a broader overview of how JCT contracts work, see our guide to JCT contracts.
Need Advice on Choosing a Contract?
BuildAlliance provides guidance on contract selection and procurement through Employer’s Agent and Project Management services.
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